COCA · one billion words
The 100 Most Common English Verbs
Verbs carry the meaning of almost every English sentence, and a very small number of them do most of the work. These are the 100 most frequent verbs in a one-billion-word corpus of real American English — the ones you will meet on your first day of reading and still be using at C1.
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The list, ranked by frequency
- 1
beA132,622.71
to exist, or to have a particular quality or identity
She is a nurse at the city hospital.
verb · #2 in the corpus overall · 32,622.71 times per million words
- 2
haveA110,588.23
to own or hold something, or to experience it
They have two children.
verb · #11 in the corpus overall · 10,588.23 times per million words
- 3
doA18,244.7
to perform an action; also used to form questions and negatives
I do the shopping on Saturdays.
verb · #15 in the corpus overall · 8,244.7 times per million words
- 4
sayA14,125.2
to speak words, or to express something in words
He said he would call back later.
verb · #26 in the corpus overall · 4,125.2 times per million words
- 5
goA13,571.65
to move or travel from one place to another
We go to the beach every summer.
verb · #31 in the corpus overall · 3,571.65 times per million words
- 6
getA13,371.14
to receive or obtain something, or to become
I got a letter from my sister.
verb · #34 in the corpus overall · 3,371.14 times per million words
- 7
canA13,113.52
to be able to do something, or to be allowed to
She can speak three languages.
verb · #37 in the corpus overall · 3,113.52 times per million words
- 8
knowA12,781.03
to have information about something, or to be familiar with someone
I know the answer to that question.
verb · #39 in the corpus overall · 2,781.03 times per million words
- 9
willA12,391.52
used to talk about the future or to make a decision at the moment of speaking
I will help you carry those bags.
verb · #47 in the corpus overall · 2,391.52 times per million words
- 10
wouldA22,365.91
used for polite requests, offers, and imagined situations
I would travel more if I had the time.
verb · #49 in the corpus overall · 2,365.91 times per million words
- 11
makeA12,306.93
to create or produce something, or to cause something to happen
He makes his own bread every week.
verb · #50 in the corpus overall · 2,306.93 times per million words
- 12
thinkA12,092.36
to have an opinion, or to use your mind to consider something
I think this is the right decision.
verb · #53 in the corpus overall · 2,092.36 times per million words
- 13
seeA11,972.46
to notice something with your eyes, or to understand it
I saw her at the station this morning.
verb · #56 in the corpus overall · 1,972.46 times per million words
- 14
comeA11,814.82
to move towards the speaker or to arrive somewhere
Come here and look at this.
verb · #61 in the corpus overall · 1,814.82 times per million words
- 15
takeA11,780.53
to get hold of something, or to carry it somewhere
Please take an umbrella with you.
verb · #63 in the corpus overall · 1,780.53 times per million words
- 16
wantA11,683.27
to wish for or desire something
She wants a quieter place to live.
verb · #68 in the corpus overall · 1,683.27 times per million words
- 17
couldA21,540.54
the past of 'can'; also used for polite requests and possibility
Could you open the window, please?
verb · #75 in the corpus overall · 1,540.54 times per million words
- 18
lookA11,347.88
to turn your eyes towards something, or to seem a certain way
You look tired this morning.
verb · #81 in the corpus overall · 1,347.88 times per million words
- 19
useA11,133.95
to do something with a tool, method, or object for a purpose
I use this app to track my spending.
verb · #91 in the corpus overall · 1,133.95 times per million words
- 20
tellA11,127.56
to give someone information by speaking to them
Tell me what happened yesterday.
verb · #92 in the corpus overall · 1,127.56 times per million words
- 21
findA11,059.33
to discover something, especially after looking for it
I finally found my keys under the sofa.
verb · #97 in the corpus overall · 1,059.33 times per million words
- 22
giveA11,055.55
to hand something to someone or let them have it
She gave me her phone number.
verb · #98 in the corpus overall · 1,055.55 times per million words
- 23
needA1952.14
to require something because it is necessary
We need more time to finish this.
verb · #107 in the corpus overall · 952.14 times per million words
- 24
shouldA2927.38
used to give advice or say what is the right thing to do
You should see a doctor about that cough.
verb · #110 in the corpus overall · 927.38 times per million words
- 25
workA1860.1
to do a job, or (of a machine) to function properly
He works in a small design studio.
verb · #115 in the corpus overall · 860.1 times per million words
- 26
tryA1800.84
to make an effort to do something
I tried to call you three times.
verb · #121 in the corpus overall · 800.84 times per million words
- 27
letA2786.42
to allow someone to do something
My parents let me stay out late.
verb · #122 in the corpus overall · 786.42 times per million words
- 28
callA1773.51
to telephone someone, or to give someone or something a name
I'll call you when I get home.
verb · #125 in the corpus overall · 773.51 times per million words
- 29
mayB1763.07
used to say something is possible, or to ask permission politely
It may rain later this afternoon.
verb · #127 in the corpus overall · 763.07 times per million words
- 30
meanA2754.1
to have a particular sense or intention
What does this word mean?
verb · #130 in the corpus overall · 754.1 times per million words
- 31
feelA1727.9
to experience an emotion or physical sensation
I feel much better today.
verb · #136 in the corpus overall · 727.9 times per million words
- 32
askA1681.35
to put a question to someone, or to request something
She asked me where I was going.
verb · #143 in the corpus overall · 681.35 times per million words
- 33
talkA1640.08
to speak with someone about something
We talked for hours about the trip.
verb · #149 in the corpus overall · 640.08 times per million words
- 34
keepA2630.89
to continue having something, or to continue doing something
Keep your ticket until the end of the journey.
verb · #151 in the corpus overall · 630.89 times per million words
- 35
leaveA1627.03
to go away from a place, or to let something stay behind
The train leaves at nine o'clock.
verb · #152 in the corpus overall · 627.03 times per million words
- 36
putA1621.29
to move something into a particular place or position
Put the milk back in the fridge.
verb · #153 in the corpus overall · 621.29 times per million words
- 37
likeA1619.01
to enjoy something or find it pleasant
I like walking in the rain.
verb · #154 in the corpus overall · 619.01 times per million words
- 38
helpA1610.55
to make it easier for someone to do something
Can you help me move this table?
verb · #155 in the corpus overall · 610.55 times per million words
- 39
startA1582.31
to begin doing something, or to make something begin
The film starts in ten minutes.
verb · #162 in the corpus overall · 582.31 times per million words
- 40
becomeA2565.24
to begin to be something
She became a teacher after university.
verb · #167 in the corpus overall · 565.24 times per million words
- 41
happenA2556.68
to take place, especially without being planned
Nobody knows what happened that night.
verb · #170 in the corpus overall · 556.68 times per million words
- 42
showA1540.66
to let someone see something, or to explain how to do it
Show me the photos from your trip.
verb · #177 in the corpus overall · 540.66 times per million words
- 43
seemA2526.61
to appear to be a certain way
He seems happy in his new job.
verb · #181 in the corpus overall · 526.61 times per million words
- 44
mightB1525.66
used to say something is possible but not certain
We might go to Spain this summer.
verb · #182 in the corpus overall · 525.66 times per million words
- 45
hearA1520.11
to notice a sound with your ears
I couldn't hear you over the music.
verb · #184 in the corpus overall · 520.11 times per million words
- 46
believeA2504.03
to think something is true
I believe she's telling the truth.
verb · #189 in the corpus overall · 504.03 times per million words
- 47
playA1481.38
to take part in a game or sport, or to make music
They play football every Sunday.
verb · #196 in the corpus overall · 481.38 times per million words
- 48
turnA1481.02
to move so you face a different direction, or to become
Turn left at the traffic lights.
verb · #197 in the corpus overall · 481.02 times per million words
- 49
runA1468.33
to move quickly on foot, or to manage something
She runs five kilometres every morning.
verb · #202 in the corpus overall · 468.33 times per million words
- 50
liveA1453.54
to have your home somewhere, or to be alive
They live in a flat near the park.
verb · #209 in the corpus overall · 453.54 times per million words
- 51
writeA1442.96
to produce words on paper or a screen
He wrote me a long letter.
verb · #212 in the corpus overall · 442.96 times per million words
- 52
bringA1442.53
to carry or take something with you to a place
Bring your passport to the interview.
verb · #213 in the corpus overall · 442.53 times per million words
- 53
moveA2433.35
to change position or place
We moved to a bigger house last year.
verb · #227 in the corpus overall · 433.35 times per million words
- 54
mustA2430.8
used to say something is necessary or very likely
You must wear a helmet on the site.
verb · #228 in the corpus overall · 430.8 times per million words
- 55
beginA2424.84
to start doing something or to start happening
The lesson begins at half past two.
verb · #232 in the corpus overall · 424.84 times per million words
- 56
loveA1420.47
to care about someone very much, or to enjoy something greatly
I love the smell of fresh coffee.
verb · #233 in the corpus overall · 420.47 times per million words
- 57
holdA2416.74
to keep something in your hand, or to contain something
She held the baby carefully.
verb · #235 in the corpus overall · 416.74 times per million words
- 58
readA1388.85
to look at words and understand their meaning
I read two books on holiday.
verb · #244 in the corpus overall · 388.85 times per million words
- 59
stopA1369.14
to end an action, or to no longer move
The bus stopped outside the school.
verb · #257 in the corpus overall · 369.14 times per million words
- 60
payA1367.82
to give money for something
I paid for the tickets online.
verb · #258 in the corpus overall · 367.82 times per million words
- 61
provideB1354.41
to give someone something they need
The hotel provides towels and soap.
verb · #272 in the corpus overall · 354.41 times per million words
- 62
loseA2354.12
to no longer have something, or to fail to win
I always lose my umbrella on the train.
verb · #273 in the corpus overall · 354.12 times per million words
- 63
understandA2351.59
to know what something means or why it happens
I don't understand this question.
verb · #277 in the corpus overall · 351.59 times per million words
- 64
waitA1342.31
to stay somewhere until something happens
We waited twenty minutes for the bus.
verb · #289 in the corpus overall · 342.31 times per million words
- 65
meetA1336.3
to come together with someone, or to get to know them
Let's meet outside the cinema.
verb · #294 in the corpus overall · 336.3 times per million words
- 66
thankA1332.45
to tell someone you are grateful
I thanked her for all her help.
verb · #300 in the corpus overall · 332.45 times per million words
- 67
changeA1329.94
to become different, or to make something different
The weather changed very quickly.
verb · #304 in the corpus overall · 329.94 times per million words
- 68
watchA1321.01
to look at something for a period of time
We watched the sunset from the balcony.
verb · #315 in the corpus overall · 321.01 times per million words
- 69
sitA1317.24
to rest with your weight on your bottom
Sit down and make yourself comfortable.
verb · #318 in the corpus overall · 317.24 times per million words
- 70
createB1316.84
to make something new exist
The law created thousands of new jobs.
verb · #319 in the corpus overall · 316.84 times per million words
- 71
learnA1314.85
to get knowledge or a skill through study or experience
She's learning to play the guitar.
verb · #322 in the corpus overall · 314.85 times per million words
- 72
killA2309.46
to cause someone or something to die
The frost killed all the young plants.
verb · #325 in the corpus overall · 309.46 times per million words
- 73
includeB1306.33
to have something as one of its parts
The price includes breakfast.
verb · #328 in the corpus overall · 306.33 times per million words
- 74
standA2305.59
to be on your feet in an upright position
He stood by the window for a long time.
verb · #329 in the corpus overall · 305.59 times per million words
- 75
followA2302.38
to go after someone, or to do what a rule says
Follow this road until the roundabout.
verb · #332 in the corpus overall · 302.38 times per million words
- 76
rememberA1300.32
to keep something in your mind or bring it back to mind
I can't remember her surname.
verb · #334 in the corpus overall · 300.32 times per million words
- 77
speakA1297.6
to say words, or to be able to use a language
Do you speak Portuguese?
verb · #337 in the corpus overall · 297.6 times per million words
- 78
setB1295.2
to put something in a place, or to fix a time or level
They set the meeting for Friday morning.
verb · #339 in the corpus overall · 295.2 times per million words
- 79
allowB1290.59
to let someone do something
The school doesn't allow phones in class.
verb · #346 in the corpus overall · 290.59 times per million words
- 80
winA2290.33
to come first in a competition or fight
Our team won the final on penalties.
verb · #347 in the corpus overall · 290.33 times per million words
- 81
leadB1287.75
to guide a group, or to result in something
This path leads to the lake.
verb · #349 in the corpus overall · 287.75 times per million words
- 82
continueB1284.34
to keep happening or keep doing something
The rain continued all afternoon.
verb · #350 in the corpus overall · 284.34 times per million words
- 83
spendA2282.34
to use money, or to pass time doing something
We spent the weekend in the mountains.
verb · #353 in the corpus overall · 282.34 times per million words
- 84
stayA1277.44
to remain in a place or condition
Stay here until I come back.
verb · #361 in the corpus overall · 277.44 times per million words
- 85
addA2277.17
to put something with something else to increase it
Add a little salt to the sauce.
verb · #362 in the corpus overall · 277.17 times per million words
- 86
dieA2266.4
to stop living
The old oak tree died last winter.
verb · #371 in the corpus overall · 266.4 times per million words
- 87
buyA1262.03
to get something by paying money for it
I bought these shoes online.
verb · #375 in the corpus overall · 262.03 times per million words
- 88
sendA1258.11
to make something go somewhere, especially a message
She sent me a photo of the house.
verb · #382 in the corpus overall · 258.11 times per million words
- 89
walkA1255.45
to move on foot at a normal speed
I walk to work when the weather is good.
verb · #384 in the corpus overall · 255.45 times per million words
- 90
growA2250.55
to get bigger, or to make plants develop
These tomatoes grow well in pots.
verb · #390 in the corpus overall · 250.55 times per million words
- 91
openA1248.78
to move something so it is no longer closed
Could you open the window?
verb · #392 in the corpus overall · 248.78 times per million words
- 92
considerB1246.36
to think about something carefully before deciding
We're considering moving to a smaller town.
verb · #395 in the corpus overall · 246.36 times per million words
- 93
hopeA2237.6
to want something to happen and think it might
I hope you feel better soon.
verb · #413 in the corpus overall · 237.6 times per million words
- 94
offerB1235.83
to ask someone if they would like something
They offered her the job on the spot.
verb · #418 in the corpus overall · 235.83 times per million words
- 95
buildA2231.69
to make something by putting parts together
They're building a new bridge over the river.
verb · #425 in the corpus overall · 231.69 times per million words
- 96
expectB1231.47
to think that something will happen
We expect the parcel to arrive on Tuesday.
verb · #426 in the corpus overall · 231.47 times per million words
- 97
fallA2230.77
to move down towards the ground, usually by accident
The leaves fall early this year.
verb · #427 in the corpus overall · 230.77 times per million words
- 98
appearB1222.84
to become visible, or to seem
A message appeared on the screen.
verb · #437 in the corpus overall · 222.84 times per million words
- 99
serveB1215.01
to give food or drink to someone, or to be useful for a purpose
Breakfast is served until ten.
verb · #449 in the corpus overall · 215.01 times per million words
- 100
breakA2214.86
to separate into pieces, or to stop working
I broke a glass while washing up.
verb · #450 in the corpus overall · 214.86 times per million words
Test yourself
Reading a list is not the same as knowing it. Answer 10 questions drawn at random from these 100 words and find out which ones you only recognise.
Why these 100 verbs first
This list is ordered by raw corpus frequency, not by what a textbook thinks you should learn first. That is deliberate: frequency is the one ordering that reflects what English speakers actually say and write, rather than what is convenient to teach.
A few entries may surprise you. Modal verbs like can, will, would and could appear high on the list because the corpus tags them as verbs — they are not separated out. They are genuinely among the most common verbs in English, so we have left them where the data puts them.
Common English verbs explained
English vocabulary is heavily front-loaded. A handful of verbs appear so often that they shape the rhythm of the language: be, have, do, say, go and get together account for a striking share of every conversation, news report and novel. Learning them properly — all their forms, their common patterns, the prepositions that follow them — pays back far more than memorising rarer words.
The verbs at the top of this list are also the most irregular, which is not a coincidence. Linguists have long observed that the most frequently used verbs resist regularisation: because speakers hear them constantly, irregular forms like went, said and took survive where rarer verbs drift towards regular -ed endings. That means the highest-frequency verbs are exactly the ones worth drilling as forms, not just as meanings.
Frequency is not the same as simplicity. Verbs such as set, hold, run and turn are common precisely because they are used in dozens of senses and in many phrasal combinations. A learner who knows only one meaning of 'get' will still be lost in half the sentences it appears in. That is why every entry here carries a definition and an example sentence rather than a bare translation.
Use this ranking as a checklist rather than a syllabus. Mark the verbs you already know, take the quiz on the ones you are unsure about, and follow the linked grammar exercises to see the same verbs working in tenses and structures.
Frequently asked questions
How were these 100 verbs chosen?
They are the 100 highest-ranked verbs in the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), a one-billion-word corpus of American English. We did not hand-pick them — we filtered the corpus frequency list down to entries tagged as verbs and took the top 100 in order.
Why are 'can', 'will' and 'would' in a list of verbs?
They are modal verbs, and the corpus tags them as verbs rather than as a separate class. Because they are extremely frequent, they rank high. We kept them in place instead of quietly removing them, so the ranking still matches the underlying data.
Do I need to learn all 100 to hold a conversation?
No, but they are the highest-value 100 verbs you could learn. The first twenty alone cover an enormous share of everyday speech, and the whole list is well within A1-B1 vocabulary for the most part.
What do the CEFR levels next to each verb mean?
They are our editorial estimate of the level at which a learner typically meets and uses that verb, expressed on the CEFR scale from A1 to C2. They are a study aid, not part of the corpus data — the ranking itself comes purely from frequency.
Is the list the same as the number of words I need to know?
Each entry is a lemma — a dictionary headword that stands for all its forms. 'Be' covers is, am, are, was, were and been, so learning one entry gives you several forms at once.
Practise these words
Other rankings
Frequency data from www.wordfrequency.info, derived from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). wordfrequency.info
